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Ïàìÿòè Àëåêñåÿ Äìèòðèåâè÷à Ãðèøèíà Ñâåòëàÿ ïàìÿòü ïðåêðàñíîìó ÷åëîâåêó! Ìû ðàáîòàëè â ÃÌÏÑ, òîãäà îí áûë ìîëîäûì íà÷àëüíèêîì îòäåëà ìåòàëëîâ, ïîäàþùèì áîëü... |
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| Mandate of the dead |
| Written by Îëüãà Ãóëåíîê | |||||||||
| Ïÿòíèöà, 24 Îêòÿáðü 2008 | |||||||||
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In March of 2003, former hostages and the relatives of captives slain at Dubrovka created the Dmitry, has the investigation into the terrorist attack on Dubrovka ended? It has been suspended once again. The investigation of case number 229133 on the seizure of hostages in the theater on Dubrovka was initiated on the evening of October 23rd, 2002. Later, as we understand it, they have been carrying out a presidential order to quietly bury this thing, punishing no one. But it was only due to our persistence that they have not succeeded in doing so. It is important to know who is to blame for the deaths of our loved ones. During these six years, various theories have been put forward. The first version tried to blame it on the failure to provide proper medical care. Former Deputy Interior Minister Vladimir Vasilyev discussed this in 2004. On one of the news programs, in response to our question as to why the huge investigative team was disbanded, he said that the investigation was complete and it had concluded that the doctors were to blame. After this, the prosecutor general's office officially commented on Vasilyev's statement, in a letter they said that it was only that individual's opinion. They cited resolutions they made back on December 31st, 2002, that there was nothing criminal in the actions of the rescuers and medics. Because of this, we learned of the existence of their resolutions, but we only got acquainted with the text much later. How? Our Code of Criminal Procedure in general does not allow access with case materials until the completion of the case, that is, it turns out that we still have no need to know about the investigation or any of its activities. From April of 2004 to May 5th, 2005, the Zamoskvoretsky court held hearings on a claim by one of the hostages, Kazakhstan citizen Svetlana Gubareva, whose daughter was killed during the assault. Since the court responded to the claim of a foreign citizen, we stated they we had also been denied the initiation of criminal charges for the deaths of our relatives. Our basis was that the investigation of the hostage crisis was a single case. So, thanks to the persistence of the judges, as well as the perseverance our attorney, Karinna Moskalenko, case materials were subpoenaed and we received 17 of the — at the time — 120 volumes of the criminal case. Now they are many more. What did it give you? Work with the facts could begin. For a whole year we went through the case files, 5000 pages of text were sorted and summarized. Afterwards our book appeared, So you think that the authorities are responsible for the deaths of the hostages? We blame no one. This should be done in a court of law. We demand an honest investigation, but for now we are just establishing the lies on the part of the officials. In particular, the lies of former Health Minister Yuri Shevchenko, who assured all citizens that the gas was completely harmless, and that it was widely used in anesthesia. But it is not. His colleagues told us: «We don't understand why Yuri (Shevchenko) took the fall for somebody else.» By the way, Putin also said that the gas could not cause harm. The general impression is that the authorities really wanted to carry out a splendid operation. They wanted the best, but it turned out even worse than usual. From the very beginning, the security forces were preparing for an assault, and, in my opinion, it was deliberately provoked. Before the assault three people managed to penetrate the triple cordon and enter the theatrical center building, and all were allegedly shot dead by the militants. I personally tried to get in. It was impossible. But in general, has there ever been a case in the history of hostage rescue where they used gas? I know that in 1996 they considered using gas in the rescue of 700 hostages in Peru, who had been seized at the Japanese ambassador's residence. The idea was abandoned because, in order to successfully implement it, they would have needed 1000 physicians to provide medical care, and this was unrealistic. Therefore they bet on prolonging the negotiation process. They managed to get up to 90 percent of the hostages released, and only then did they carry out the combat operation. We also failed to find any examples of operations in the Soviet Union that used derivatives of fentanyl. As far as I know, some experiments were conducted at the Military Medical Academy. Apparently someone wanted to conduct a 'natural experiment'. The death of the hostages during the operation, in my opinion, only discredited the government. Were they really interested in this (outcome)? The investigation revealed that four persons were running the (hostage rescue) headquarters, but it is not known who exactly made the decision to use the gas. Sergey Yastrzhembsky, who was the press liaison at the headquarters, though not a member of the staff, was asked who decided to use the gas. He was asked who decided to go forward with the assault, and who planned the operation. He replied that he did not know. We believe that the same questions were asked of other officials, but we do not know what they answered, and to whom. We do not have access to all of the testimonies. Perhaps the security forces counted on the gas not causing a reaction. Commandos from the 'Alfa' (Alpha) Detachment entered the building wearing gas masks, but the 'Vympel' (Pennant) and 'Rys' (Lynx) commandoes did not. According to physicians, absent any information on the chemical substance, many resuscitation measures were not applied. A lot of people talked to us, nodding mysteriously to over their shoulder to their 'neighbor': did you not realize that they were trying to 'set up' Putin? We assume that Putin, Vladimir Pronichev, and Nikolai Patrushev had not been privy to every detail of the operation, but we want all this sorted out by the prosecutor's office. Of course we rule out that it was premeditated, but as far as those miscalculations that led, in our opinion, to involuntary homicide, someone must be held responsible. How did the investigation get around the fact that people were killed as a result of the gas? By falsifying evidence. According to the death certificates, no hostage died from the gas. During the autopsies they did not use tests to detect synthetic chemicals. It turned out that the hostages died because they did not eat enough, did not drink enough, did not breathe enough fresh air, and had various organic problems. The investigation was not interested in what gas was used. The records indicate that some of the hostages had respiratory illnesses caused by an unidentified substance, but there was no direct connection between the deaths of the hostages and the gas. But can this connection be completely ignored? In the case materials there is even this phrase: «Killed as a result of special unit actions in an extreme situation» and then a list. The conclusion: the situation was hopeless and nothing could be done. Our lawyer suggested that there would be Simultaneous death cannot occur from «not eating enough.» Naturally. In the witness testimonies they noted signs of narcotic poisoning: pulmonary edema, hemorrhages in all the organs. 14 who died had no signs of chronic disease. The prosecutor's office ignored all these facts, because, even before the results of comprehensive examinations, at a news conference the authorities talked about the type of substance used and stated that the leading cause of death was a sudden progression of chronic illnesses. The authorities also did not want to admit that they had violated the Convention on the use of chemical weapons. What are the future prospects for the case? It is unlikely that we will ever see open hearings. Recall the transparent trial in Beslan, where the victims had access to case materials and uncovered negligence by the (hostage rescue) headquarters. The authorities will not let this happen in the What is most important for the terror victims: justice, or material compensation? We are working on two fronts: we are seeking both the truth and financial compensation. Throughout Russia there are 20,000 terror attack victims, and 8,000 deaths because of terror attacks. At Dubrovka there were 912 hostages, including 111 minors. 69 children were orphaned. Legal grounds are needed to assist them. The federal and Moscow city budgets allocated 100 thousand rubles (ed: about $4000) for the relatives of those who were killed, and 50 thousand to injured hostages. We are very grateful for these funds — they helped pay for our loved ones' funerals. There are special instances, however. A grandmother received 215 rubles (ed: about $8), on which to raise grandchildren whose parents had been killed. Kopecks. There is another case where attorney Venera Kamalova got the court to award 50 thousand dollars to Sonya Khaziyeva, who lost her father during the terrorist attack on Dubrovka. Back then I called up her mother, Tatyana Khaziyeva, and I asked what we were getting out of these lawsuits, since either way we could not bring back our loved ones. She replied: «I want the authorities to know that if my tomorrow my child is taken hostage, then neither the FSB, nor the government, will have enough money to play games with his life.» For their poor performance the authorities must bear not only a material liability, but also criminal. That is possible, but only after completion of the case, which has been delayed. Moreover, the Russian government is trying to avoid responsibility for preventing terrorist attacks. At the OSCE (ed: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) meeting, people from other countries were simply amazed when they learned that there are no compensation measures in our country. Long ago in the West they developed, at the legislative level, a system of compensation for terror victims. In France, for example, there used to be a high level of terrorism, and it affected many people. The state began to think: either compensate pay with large sums, or force the security services to get to work. They chose the second option, and terrorism disappeared. Our lawyers tried to use this positive practice in claims that named substantial amounts — amounting to tens of millions of dollars — in order attract attention. For the most part our claims have been denied. In the draft of a new law on terrorism, the phrase 'overall harm caused to victims of terrorist attacks' has been replaced by the term 'specific damage'. Aid to security force commandos was clearly specified, but with regards to victims of terror attacks there are only general words, and everything is left to the discretion of the relevant agencies of the Russian Federation. Who do you personally consider to be guilty for the death of the hostages? Vladimir Putin. Why? You said so yourself, that the president could have been set up. I do not rule out that this information started with his PR people. I consider Putin guilty because he was responsible for the situation with the second Chechen war. Back then he was the director of the FSB. The war has become a training center for commandos, free of charge. In addition, the security block, whose representative is Mr. Putin, is interested in constant tension. War is profitable for the security agencies, and it seems that Putin is unable to control them. This question is not an empty one: do we even have a president? We may never know who rules us. I realize that our words have a political slant. Though our organization is apolitical, we seek to change the political structure of society, and make it so that human life carries a very high price. Views: 3729 |
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